Skip to main content

Translate Your Page

banking terms

By Victor S. Fischer
  ✍️ CRR Cash Reserve Ratio is the minimum fraction of total deposits of a bank’s customers that banks have to hold as reserves with the central bank. ✍️ SLR Statutory Liquidity Ratio is the ratio of liquid assets to the net demand and time liabilities. ✍️ LAF Liquid Adjustment Facility is a tool to allow banks to borrow money through repurchase agreements. It consists of repo and reverse repo operations. ✍️ MSF Marginal Standing Facility allows scheduled banks to borrow funds overnight from RBI against approved government securities. ✍️ MSS Market Stabilization Scheme is a monetary policy intervention by RBI to withdraw excess liquidity by selling government securities in the economy. ✍️ OMO Open Market Operations refers to the buying and selling of government securities in the open market so as to expand or contract the amount of money in the banking system. ✍️ REPO Repo...
Post a Comment

Bahmani and Vijayanagara Kingdoms

Image

Bahmani  Kingdom

The decline of the Sultanate of Delhi gave birth to two mighty states in South India the Bahmani Kingdom of Gulbarga and the Vijayanagara Empire.

The Bahmanis were Muslim rulers, while the rulers of the Vijayanagar were Hindus.

The Bahmani kingdom was founded by Zafar Khan (Hassan) who took the title of Alauddin Bahman Shah. He selected Gulbarga as its capital and renamed it Ahsanabad.

There were total eighteen Sulthans and they ruled from 1347 to 1527.

Muhammed Gawan was the famous minister of Bahmini kingdom.

The last prince of the Bahmani Kingdom was Kalimullah.

By 1527, the Bahmani kingdom was split up into five independent principalities.

The Adil Shahis of Bijapur -founder – Yusuf Adilshah (1489 - 90)

The Nizam Shahis of Ahamadnagar - founder - Malik Ahmad (1499)

The Imadshahis of Berar - founder -Fateh Ulla Imadshanti (1490)

The Qutubshahi kingdom of Golconda – founder - Qutabshah (1512)

The Baridshahis of Bidar - founder - Amir Ali Barid (1527).

Muhammad Adil Shah built Gol Gumbaz, a tomb with world's second largest Dome at Bijapur

Muhammad Shah built the city of Hyderabad(Bhagyanagar)

Berar stayed out of the Battle of Talikotta

Vijaya Nagara Empire

The founders of Vijaya Nagar Empire were Harihara and Bukka Rai, the revenue officers of the Kakatiya ruler Pratap Rudra Deva II of Warrangal.

They founded the dynasty in 1336 with the capital as Vijaya Nagara on the banks of Tungabhadra river with the help of Saint Vidyaranya.

Vijayanagara kingdom lasted for 230 years and produced four dynasties.

Sangama (1336 - 1485)

Saluva - (1485 - 1505)

Tuluva (1505 - 1565) and

Aravidu (1565 - 1672)

Krishna Deva Raya (1509 - 1529) belonged to the Tuluva dynasty. The Italian traveller Nicolocont visited his court.

Krishnadeva Raya is known as ‘Andhra Bhoja’ He wrote Ushaparinayam and Amuktamalyada

Allasani Peddanna, a Telugu poet was a courtier of Krishna Deva Raya. He is considered as the ‘‘Andra Kavita Pitamaha’’ the Grand Father of Telugu poetry.

‘Ashtadiggajas’ was the famous Scholastic Assembly in the court of Krishna Deva Raya.

Vijayanagar Empire was visited by many foreign travellers:-

Nicolo Conti - Venitian traveller, visited during the reign of Devaraya I.

Abdur Razzak : Ambassador of Sulthan Shahrukh to the court of Devaraya II.

Damingos Paes : He visited Krishna Devaraya’s court.

Ferona Nuniz : A Portuguese who visited during Achyuta Raya’s reign.

Durate Barbosa : A portuguese who visited Krishnadeva Raya’s court.

Athenasius Nikitin (1415) : He was a Russian, who visited during Deva Raya I’s period He wrote, ‘Voyage to India’.




Labels:
By Victor S. Fischer

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular Posts

Sangam Age - The Dawn of History in the Deep South

By Victor S. Fischer
The Megalithic Background Megalith graves were encircled by big pieces of stones. They also contained pottery and iron objects buried with the corpse. They are found in the upland regions of Peninsula with concentration in Eastern Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu State formation and rise of civilization The megalithic people started to reclaim the fertile deltaic lands. The route to the south is called as  Dakshinapatha which became economically important. Megasthenes knew about Pandyas while Ashokan inscriptions mention about Cholas, Pandyas, Keralaputras and Satyaputras Flourishing trade with Roman empire led to the formation of these three states i.e., Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas Sangam Period Sangam period is the period in the history of ancient Tamil Nadu spanning from c. 3 rd  century BC to c. 3 rd  century AD. It is named after the famous Sangam academies of poets and scholars centred in the city of Mad...
Post a Comment
Show Full Post»

Idioms and phrases...

By Victor S. Fischer
1. Acid Test: Meaning -  Acid test proves the effectiveness of something. Example -  I practiced hard at the dance sessions but the acid test will come when the master will assess our solo performances. 2. Cut the ground from under feet : Meaning -  When you cut the ground from under someone's feet, you do something which weakens their position. Example -  When team India hit more than 350 runs in the ODI, they cut the ground from under the opponent's feet. 3. Chase your tail: Meaning -  Spending a lot of time and energy doing a lot of things but actually achieving too little. Example -  He's been chasing his tail all week collecting data but the report is still not ready 4. Whole bag of tricks - Meaning -  Means trying all the clever means to achieve something. Example -  It was really difficult to find the information even after applying the whole bag of tricks. 5. Deliver the goods - Meaning -  Do what is expected or promised. Example -  I have given my car to a new mech...
Post a Comment
Show Full Post»

GST (Goods & Services Tax) : Details & Benefits (In INDIA)

By Victor S. Fischer
The present structure of Indirect Taxes is very complex in India. There are so many types of taxes that are levied by the Central and State Governments on Goods & Services. We have to pay ‘Entertainment Tax’ for watching a movie. We have to pay Value Added Tax (VAT) on purchasing goods & services. And there are Excise duties, Import Duties, Luxury Tax, Central Sales Tax, Service Tax.....😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭 Intro It has been long pending issue to streamline all the different types of indirect taxes and implement a “single taxation” system. This system is called as GST ( GST is the abbreviated form of Goods & Services Tax). The main expectation from this system is to abolish all indirect taxes and only GST would be levied. As the name suggests, the GST will be levied both on Goods and Services. GST was first introduced during 2007-08 budget session. On 17th December 2014, the current Union Cabinet ministry approved the proposal for introduction GST Constitutional Amendment Bil...
Post a Comment
Show Full Post»